These are communities of different microbes working together in what is called a microbial consortium. Bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and algae are considered these groups.At sewage treatment plants (STP) for instance, microbial consortia naturally and efficiently break down the organic waste.
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Urban areas of 10 million population or more are known as megacities. Every day, these cities produce a huge amount of wastewater. The sewage treatment infrastructure is under enormous burden as populations grow rapidly.
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Constructed wetlands are engineered systems that mimic natural wetlands. They use soil, plants, and microorganisms to treat wastewater. The pollutants are removed by physical, chemical, and biological wastewater treatment processes in these systems.
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Protection of human health and the environment relies on the success of wastewater treatment. This sector divides into two main systems and those are septic systems and centralized wastewater treatment plants.
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